杜兴良,兰盼龙,张皓帆,赵光伟,李华,汪月霞,赵会杰

• 1:河南农业大学生命科学学院
• 2:中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

以小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)品种豫麦49为材料,研究了高温、干旱及高温干旱复合胁迫对小麦叶片Ru BP羧化酶(Rubisco)、Rubisco活化酶(RCA)活性及Rubisco活化酶基因(Rca)表达的影响及外源一氧化氮(NO)的调节效应。结果表明,干旱和高温干旱复合胁迫导致小麦叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性降低,而高温胁迫下SOD和CAT活性升高。NO预处理能显著增强干旱及高温干旱复合胁迫下的抗氧化酶活性。编码RCA不同亚基的基因(Rca a和Rca b)对不同逆境胁迫的响应存在差异,干旱、高温和高温干旱复合胁迫导致Rca a基因的表达水平分别降低97%,92.31%和84.93%,Rca b的转录水平则在高温和高温干旱复合胁迫下分别比对照升高了26.14和28.02倍。NO预处理使干旱胁迫下Rca a的表达增加了38.42倍,Rca b的表达增加了32.74倍,使高温干旱复合胁迫下Rca b的表达水平提高了30.39%。遭受干旱、高温及二者复合胁迫后,小麦叶片的RCA活性、Rubisco初始活性、总活性以及Rubisco活化状态明显下降,而采用NO预处理不同程度地提高了干旱、高温及高温干旱复合胁迫下小麦叶片的RCA活性及Rubisco酶的初始活性、总活性与活化状态,使其在逆境下保持较高的叶绿素含量(SPAD值)和光合速率。总之,NO能够通过增强抗氧化酶活性和调节Rca基因表达,提高RCA和Rubisco活性,缓解高温干旱复合胁迫对小麦叶片的光合作用的损伤。

关键词(KeyWords)： 小麦;高温干旱复合胁迫;Rubisco活化酶;基因表达;NO调节效应

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(30971725)

作者(Author): 杜兴良,兰盼龙,张皓帆,赵光伟,李华,汪月霞,赵会杰

DOI: 10.16445/j.cnki.1000-2340.2018.06.003

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