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【目的】揭示玉米叶片衰老的特征特性及遗传基础，为优良种质资源的创制和新品种的选育提供理论支撑。【方法】在利用玉米单倍体育种技术进行资源创制的DH系中获得了一个叶片早衰的自交系，命名为ldhs1，对其展开表型的观察、生理生化指标的检测、组织学及细胞学的分析，利用正向遗传学和混合分组测序分析法（bulked-segregant analysis sequencing, BSA-seq）定位玉米叶片早衰相关基因。【结果】与正常持绿自交系L521相比，ldhs1在授粉后第10天开始出现自上而下的早衰，于叶缘出现黄化现象，并逐渐扩散至整个叶片，导致全叶变黄，叶片中的叶绿素含量下降，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）这2种关键的抗氧化酶活性也出现了明显的下降，同时丙二醛（MDA）出现过度积累，导致叶绿体发育不良，光合作用下降。通过构建杂交群体结合BSA-seq技术将玉米叶片早衰基因LDHS1定位于1号染色体的分子标记indel-12与indel-13之间，区间大小为1.06 Mb。【结论】创制的新型玉米自交系叶片自上而下早衰，通过对其ldhs1的特性分析和数量性状基因座（quantitative trait locus, QTL）定位，可以作为叶早衰分子机制研究的互补验证和补充。
Abstract：【Objective】This research was conducted to reveal the characteristics and genetic basis of maize leaf senescence and lay the groundwork for enhancing the genetic pool and guiding the breeding programs to improve or create new plant strains. 【Method】An inbred line named ldhs1 was obtained from the DH lines created by maize haploid breeding technology. Observations of physical traits, measurements of physiological and biochemical properties, and examinations of tissue and cellular structures were conducted, and the genes related to early leaf senescence in maize were located by using forward genetics and bulked segregant analysis sequencing(BSA-seq). 【Result】Compared with the normal stay-green inbred line L521, the ldhs1 exhibited top-down early senescence from the 10 th day after pollination, and gradually spread from leaf edge yellowing to the interior to the whole leaf yellowing. The leaves showed a reduction in vital chlorophyll levels and the activities of SOD and POD, coupled with heightened MDA content, which in turn negatively impacted the efficiency of photosynthesis and led to chloroplast dysplasia. Based on genetic analysis and BSA-seq, the maize early leaf senescence gene LDHS1 was located in a region of 1. 06 Mb between molecular marker indel-12 and indel-13 of chromosome 1. 【Conclusion】A novel inbred line with early leaf senescence from top to bottom was discovered, and the quantitative trait locus,(QTL) mapping of this trait was carried out and the related candidate genes were branded.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16445/j.cnki.1000-2340.20250126.001
中图分类号:S513
引用信息:
[1]马苗苗,张琪凡,郑斌瑞,等.玉米自交系ldhs1叶片早衰特性分析及QTL定位[J].河南农业大学学报,2025,59(05):796-804.DOI:10.16445/j.cnki.1000-2340.20250126.001.
基金信息:
河南省农业良种联合攻关项目（2022010202）; 河南省科技攻关项目（222102110276）; 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0101205-3）