河南农业大学学报

采用共水蒸馏法与超临界CO2萃取方法提取金银花挥发油,并对2种提取工艺进行比较,采用GC-MS对所得产物进行成分分析。共水蒸馏法最佳提取条件:金银花粉碎度20目,质量分数5%盐溶液浸泡28 h,料液比1∶10(g∶L),提取42 h,得率0.17%,提取产物为黄色蜡状固体,脂腊味较重;超临界CO2萃取最佳萃取工艺:金银花粉碎度80~100目,萃取压力45 MPa,萃取温度45℃,CO2流量4 L·min-1,静态萃取0.5 h,动态萃取1 h,得率为2.07%,产物为淡黄色至淡绿色膏状物,味道清香柔和。产物经GC-MS分析,共水蒸馏法提取挥发油检测出79种成分,占总成分98.77%;超临界CO2萃取挥发油检测出56种成分,占总成分89.81%;超临界CO2萃取挥发油呈香成分相对共水蒸馏法较多。

Volatile oil was extracted from honeysuckle by coeno-water distillation and supercritical CO₂ extraction. Comparison between the two processes were analyzed by GC-MS. The optimum distillation extraction conditions were: honeysuckle crushing level of 20 mesh,soak time of 28 h with 5% salt solution,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 10,extraction time of 42 h,the yield of volatile oil is 0. 17%,product is yellow waxy solid with heavy taste of wax; The best extraction conditions for supercritical fluid extraction-CO₂ were as follows: honeysuckle crushing level of 80 ~ 100 mesh,extraction pressure 45 MPa,temperature 45 ℃,CO₂ fulx of 4 L·min-1,0. 5 h static extraction and 1 h dynamic extraction. The yield is 2. 07% and the product is light yellow to pale green paste with delicate fragrance. By GC-MS analysis,79 components of distillation extraction product were separated,which accounted for 98. 77% of the total extracts; 56 components of supercritical CO₂ extraction products were separated,which accounted for 89. 81% of the total extracts. Aroma component of supercritical CO₂ liquid extraction product is more than that of coeno-water distillation. By comparison,the supercritical fluid extraction is a better extraction process with maintenance time reducied and high yield and the essential oil has delicate fragrance.