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【目的】研究干旱胁迫下刺槐的生长、解剖和生理指标特征，揭示刺槐对干旱的生态适应策略。【方法】以1 a生刺槐（Robinia pseudoacacia L.）幼苗为研究对象，设置3个水分处理（对照正常供水（田间持水量的80%～85%）、中度干旱（田间持水量的40%～45%）和重度干旱（田间持水量的20%～25%）），测定刺槐幼苗生长特征、解剖结构、水力特性及各器官非结构性碳水化合物含量特征。【结果】1）干旱使刺槐枝条木质部栓塞程度显著增加，重度干旱组栓塞程度较对照增加了28%；枝条木质部导管直径和比导率显著降低，重度干旱初始边材比导率较对照降低了26%。2）重度干旱胁迫显著降低了刺槐叶片水势、气孔导度和蒸腾速率。3）重度干旱胁迫导致根系非结构性碳水化合物显著降低，茎的可溶性糖及其所占比例显著增加，重度干旱茎可溶性糖质量分数及其所占比例分别比对照增加了14%和11%。4）茎木质部栓塞程度与可溶性糖质量分数呈显著正相关关系，与淀粉质量分数呈显著负相关关系。【结论】干旱胁迫诱导枝条产生大量的气穴化栓塞，降低水分传输效率和气体交换能力，但是刺槐通过提高茎可溶性糖质量分数，降低淀粉质量分数的方式提高生存能力。研究结果能够为太行山区刺槐人工林栽培和管理提供理论参考。
Abstract：【Objective】Exploring the growth, anatomy and physiological characteristics of Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings under drought stress to reveal their ecological adaptation strategies to drought.【Method】One-year-old Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings were selected as the experimental materials.Three water treatments were set up, including control group(normal water supply with 80%-85% of field capacity), moderate drought(40%-45% of field capacity) and severe drought(20%-25% of field capacity), respectively.The growth characteristics, anatomy traits, hydraulic characteristics and the content of non-structural carbohydrate in different organs of Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings were measured.【Result】1) Drought stress significantly increased the degree of xylem embolism of Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings, with the degree of embolism under severe drought increasing by 28% compared to the control.In addition, the vessel diameter and specific hydraulic conductivity of Robinia pseudoacacia significantly decreased under severe drought stress, and the native specific sapwood hydraulic conductivity decreased by 26% compared to the control.2) Leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of Robinia pseudoacacia significantly decreased under severe drought stress.3) Severe drought stress significantly decreased the non-structural carbohydrate mass fraction of root.In addition, the mass and proportion of soluble sugar in stem significantly increased under severe drought, rising by 14% and 11% compared to the control, respectively.4) The degree of stem xylem embolism was significantly positively correlated with soluble sugar mass fraction and significantly negatively correlated with starch mass fraction.【Conclusion】Severe drought stress induced extensive xylem embolisms in branches, reducing water transport efficiency and gas exchange capacity.However, Robinia pseudoacacia improved its survival ability by increasing the soluble sugar mass fraction in stems and reducing starch content.This study provided a theoretical reference for the cultivation and management of Robinia pseudoacacia plantations in Taihang Mountains.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16445/j.cnki.1000-2340.20250416.002
中图分类号:S792.27
引用信息:
[1]李艳艳,高梦迪,寿文凯,等.干旱胁迫对刺槐生长、解剖和生理指标的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2026,60(04):632-641.DOI:10.16445/j.cnki.1000-2340.20250416.002.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目（32001100,42077450）
2025-04-17
2025-04-17
2025-04-17