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【目的】探究珍稀濒危植物银缕梅（Parrotia subaequalis）群落种内与种间的竞争强度，了解其群落特征，为银缕梅保护和野外回归提供理论依据。【方法】以大别山中部的银缕梅种群为研究对象，设置4个标准地，分析其立地条件、生长状况及优势树种，采用Hegyi竞争指数分析银缕梅各径级竞争关系。【结果】大别山中部银缕梅种群优势度最高，与喜阳或适应性强的树种伴生，处于林下层；银缕梅不同径级竞争压力主要为种内竞争，集中表现为胸径0～6 cm的银缕梅个体，随胸径增大，种内竞争指数下降；坡度、土壤有机质含量、种内竞争强度与银缕梅种群生长状况相关性较强，是影响银缕梅分布的关键限制因子。【结论】银缕梅对立地条件具有一定生长喜好，且以种内竞争引起的自疏作用为主导。随着演替进行，种间竞争加剧，其优势地位将被竞争能力强的伴生树种逐步取代。建议对银缕梅现存区采取定期监测，适时调整林分结构以促进其种群更新。
Abstract：【Objective】To explore the intraspecific and interspecific competition intensity of the rare and endangered plant Parrotia subaequalis community, understand its community characteristics, and provide a theoretical basis for the protection and wild return of P.subaequalis.【Method】Taking the population of P.subaequalis in the central of the Dabie Mountains as the research object, four standard plots were set up.The site conditions, growth status and dominant tree species were analyzed.The Hegyi competition index was used to analyze the competition relationship of different diameter classes of P.subaequalis.【Result】The population of P.subaequalis in the middle of the Dabie Mountains has the highest dominance and is distributed in the understory associated with sun-loving or adaptable tree species.The competition pressure among different diameter classes of P.subaequalis is primarnly from intraspecific competition, which is mainly concentrated in individuals with a breast diameter of 0～6 cm.As the breast diameter increases, the intraspecific competition index decreases.Slope, soil organic matter content, and intraspecific competition intensity are strongly correlated with the growth status of the P.subaequalis population and are the key limiting factors affecting its distribution.【Conclusion】P.subaequalis have a certain preference for growth conditions and are primarily influenced by self-thinning caused by intraspecific competition.As succession progresses, intense interspecific competition will gradually replace the domina.It is suggested that regular monitoring of the existing area of the P.subaequalis should be carried out, and the forest structure should be adjusted in a timely manner to promote the population renewal of this species.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16445/j.cnki.1000-2340.20250714.001
中图分类号:S792.99
引用信息:
[1]王姝,仝蟠龙,霍留名,等.大别山区银缕梅的群落特征与竞争关系[J].河南农业大学学报,2026,60(01):55-63.DOI:10.16445/j.cnki.1000-2340.20250714.001.
基金信息:
中央财政国家重点保护野生动植物保护项目（豫财环资[2023]120号）
2025-07-14
2025-07-14
2025-07-14